In this year’s 2022, the second decade from the turn of the century in Beijing the Capital of China also the People’s Republic of China, in which is also the year of the Tiger, marking its six hundred and two years anniversary of the Forbidden city that marks the transitional point of in between the middle of the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644) transitionally from Nanjing to Beijing towards the Qing Dynasty (1636-1644-1911) …. The Imperial Palaceseen so many countless seasonally transitional equinoxes but further its six hundred years is iconic, but it’s five hundred ninety nine years it marks it Autumn Equinox…. In which it only took twelve years to build the same of the Daming Palace of The Tang Dynasty Xian Imperial Capital only it was least twenty times larger…
On the 25th February 2022 week for the year of the Tiger it which was on 1st February 2022 it was the first snow in Beijing in 2022 for, the Temple of Heaven Park was wrapped in silver and dressed in a thin white coat to welcome the arrival of the New Year. The red walls and blue tiles have been covered with snow, as if entering a fairy tale world, as if to tell us that the Temple of Heaven Park is already dressed in good costumes to welcome the arrival of the New Year….
天壇 The Temple of Heaven In winter- Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing…….the Temple of Heaven Park is full of a peaceful atmosphere. The sun is rising, and the sky is full of purple clouds. Between the clouds and clouds, the morning glow spreads over the earth. The glazed tiles of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest shone with stars and stars under the rays of the sun, as if the beauty of the Heavenly Palace had fallen into the world. Beijing turns out to be so beautiful
The Temple of Heaven Park is located in the south of Beijing, on the east side of Yongdingmen Inner Street in Dongcheng District. It covers an area of about 2.73 million square meters. The Temple of Heaven was built in the eighteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420), and was rebuilt during the reign of Emperor Qianlong and Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. It is now a world cultural heritage , a national key cultural relics protection unit , a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction , and a demonstration site of a national civilized scenic tourist area .
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Temple of Heaven Park was the place where emperors offered sacrifices to the emperor and prayed for the harvest of the five grains. The Temple of Heaven is a general term for the two altars of Yuanqiu and Qigu. There are two altar walls, forming an inner and outer altar. The main building is the inner altar, the round mound altar is in the south, the Qigu altar is in the north, and the two altars are on the same north-south axis, separated by a wall. The main buildings in the Circular Mound Altar are the Circular Mound Altar, the Emperor Vault, etc. The main buildings in the Praying Valley Altar are the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, the Hall of Emperor Qiang, and the Gate of Prayer for Chinese New Year’s .
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties According to historical records, there are formal sacrifices to heaven and earth, which can be traced back to the Xia Dynasty in the second millennium BC, which was still a slave society. Ancient Chinese emperors called themselves “Son of Heaven”, and they revered heaven and earth very much.
The Temple of Heaven was built in the shape of Nanjing in the eighteenth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1420). In the ninth year of Jiajing (1530), Emperor Jiajing listened to the minister’s words: “In ancient times, people worshipped the sky on Yuanqiu and the earth on Fangqiu. Those on Yuanqiu were the hills on the ground in the southern suburbs. The hills were round and high, so they resembled the sky. The hill in Zezhong in the northern suburbs, the hill goes down from the side, is like the earth.” So it was decided to divide the sacrifices between heaven and earth, building a round hill in the south of the Great Sacrificial Hall to worship the sky, and building a Fangze altar outside the Anding Gate of the northern city to worship the earth . In the thirteenth year of Jiajing (1534), Yuanqiu was renamed the Temple of Heaven, and Fang Ze was renamed the Temple of Earth. After the Great Sacrificial Hall was abandoned, it was changed to the Altar of Prayers. In the seventeenth year of Jiajing (1538), the altar of prayer for grain was abolished. In the nineteenth year, another Daxiang Hall was built on the altar, and it was completed in twenty-four years.
In the 16th year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign (1751), it was renamed the Hall of Prayer for Harvest. It has been repaired and expanded many times since then.
Currently running an exhibition is the Temple Ritual-Special Exhibition of Figure Paintings of Past Dynasties Collected in the Palace Museum (Phase1 )” opening on May 1st, Wenhua Hall opening for two months till 30th 2021 in which is situated exhibiting at on display at the Wenhua Hall Painting and Calligraphy Gallery….. The exhibition involves in with its collection of 55 pieces/sets of figure paintings with both artistic and historical value will meet you in Wenhua Hall. There are an emperor who founded a nation and administers a benevolent government, as well as civil servants and military generals who have made great achievements and awe-inspiring achievements, and there are also great women who have made contributions to the country. In the Forbidden City ..
Figure Painting: One of the traditional Chinese painting department
Figure painting is one of the traditional Chinese painting subjects that describe figures and activities. It is subdivided into various subjects such as historical figures, religious figures, customs, ladies and so on. According to techniques, there is a distinction between fine brushwork and freehand brushwork. Since ancient times, figure painting has been valued by people because of its social function of admonishing and enlightening and its representation of real life. Its emergence and maturity were not only earlier than landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting, but also figure painters such as Gu Kaizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Lu Tanwei in the Southern Dynasty, Yan Liben and Wu Daozi in the Tang Dynasty.
The development of figure painting reached its peak in the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, and a number of masterpieces with a high degree of artistic expression appeared, such as the famous Northern Song Dynasty Zhang Zeduan’s “Surfing the River on Qingming Festival”. The figure paintings of this period were not only rich in subject matter and diverse techniques, but also paid more attention to the expression of inner spiritual emotion and the setting atmosphere of the character in the portrayal of the characters, reflecting the highest level of vividness in ancient Chinese figure portraits. Since the Yuan Dynasty, although most literati painters seldom participated in the creation of figure paintings, the documentary and educational functions of figure paintings continued to develop vigorously in the Ming and Qing court painting academies, and excellent works appeared one after another. At the same time, a large number of works that express the life of literati and elegant, and records the production and life of ordinary people are even more beautiful and wonderful, such as Baihuizhengyan, which is not inferior to the previous generations in the number of works and artistic standards, and has become our understanding and exploration. The vivid and vivid historical data of the thoughts, interest, and living conditions of the ancients.
Exploring historical and cultural values and enhancing national cohesion . The creation of figure paintings has received special attention in the past, and a large number of excellent works have been passed down to this day. In order to carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture and promote the research of figure painting, the Palace Museum specially organized the “Temple Ceremony-Special Exhibition of Figure Paintings of Past Dynasties Collected in the Palace Museum (Phase 1)”. From the figure paintings in the courtyard collection, 55 pieces/sets of precious paintings with both artistic and historical value are selected and displayed in accordance with the identity of the characters on the screen and the order of the times. Among them, there are not only the emperors who founded the country and established a state and exercised benevolent governance, including Yao, Shunyu in ancient times to Kangxi and Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty; there are also literati and generals with great achievements and great festivals, such as Su Wu, Zhuge Liang, Yue Fei, Wen Tianxiang, etc.; also There are women who have contributed to their homeland, including Wang Zhaojun, Cai Wenji, Mulan and other great women who are familiar with them. These characters and their deeds shine through the annals of history and are in the hearts of the people. To evaluate a figure painting, we must not only pay attention to its artistic level, but also explore the historical and cultural value behind it. Exhibiting his image and publicizing his deeds will not only play the role of “adult education and help others”, but will also help strengthen national cohesion. The Palace Museum insists on continuous innovation while maintaining integrity, deeply explores the connotation of the times, humanistic spirit and aesthetic value contained in cultural relics, uses cultural relics as media to tell Chinese s
Publication: “Patterns of the Past-A Special Exhibition of Figure Paintings of Past Dynasties Collected in the Palace Museum”
The published “Patterns of the Past-Special Exhibition of Figure Paintings of Past Dynasties” in the Palace Museum contains nearly a hundred pieces of figure paintings of the past dynasties collected in the Palace Museum, including the earliest handed down book of “Lie Nu Tu” and “Lie Nu Zhi Ren Tu” “Volume”, representing the superb artistic level of the paintings of the Northern Song Dynasty painting academy’s “Ting Qin Tu” axis, one of the “Four Great Masters of the Southern Song Dynasty” Li Tang’s figure painting masterpiece “Picking Wei Tu” volume and other famous paintings in history, including ” The first high-definition paintings are published in the book “Character Story Atlas”, “Sun Deng Changxiao Tu” axis, and “Yang Fei’s Bathing Picture” axis. There are many types of figure paintings selected in this book and each has its own characteristics, so that readers can not only further understand the development context of Chinese figure paintings, be familiar with the characteristics of various types of figure paintings, but also see the costumes, furnishings and lifestyles of various periods in ancient my country. . In the next stage, as the “Special Exhibition of Figure Paintings of Past Dynasties Collected in the Palace Museum” will be exhibited in different periods and themes, the Palace Publishing House will continue to release corresponding catalogs with the exhibition.
Tips for booking visits to the Palace of Wenhua Temple Etiquette-Special Exhibition of Figure Paintings Collected in the Palace Museum (Phase 1) will be held from May 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 in Wenhua Hall of the Palace Museum. Tickets are not sold separately. According to the current situation of epidemic prevention and control, and in accordance with the principle of appointment, current limitation, and peak shifting, the exhibition will be admitted by appointment, and appointments will be started 10 days in advance. The whole day will be divided into morning and afternoon sessions (2000 in the morning and 1000 in the afternoon). .
Visitors can use the online ticketing website of the Palace Museum and Wechat Palace Museum audience service number, and use the second-generation ID card or passport information to make real-name reservations. For admission to the hospital, you need to check your health code, measure your body temperature, and swipe your reserved ID card (you must have an ID card that matches the ID number reserved at the time of booking).
Promotion of key exhibits (9 pieces): 1. Yuan Chenji’s “Bianqiaohui League Map” volume, ink on paper , Tang Taizong Li Shimin (598-649), the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty. During his reign, he made great efforts to govern and his national strength was strong. This volume depicts the story of the Turkic invaders in the 9th year of Wude (626), and Li Shimin turned danger into an alliance with Anqi. The characters’ clothing patterns are drawn with “iron lines”, fine and accurate, and belong to the Li Gonglin school of the Northern Song Dynasty. The trees and stones are similar to Guo Xi’s painting methods, with the charm of Yuan people’s brushwork. Chen Jizhi, Zhupo, Yuan Dynasty painter.
2. Ming Liu Jun’s “Snowy Night Interview with Putu” axis , ink and color on silk. Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin (927-976), the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. He ended the long-term separatism and advocated the rule of culture. Zhao Kuangyin suddenly visited Prime Minister Zhao Pu, discussing important conquests together, praising the emperor’s knowledge and good use. The clothes patterns of the characters are drawn with “blue leaves”, the square is rounded, and the characters are vividly portrayed, and each person’s identity and expression are appropriate. Liu Jun, dedicated to the inner court in the early fifteenth century.
3. Ming Qiuying’s “Lin Xiao Zhao Zhongxing Ruiying Picture” volume, ink and color on silk Song Gaozong Zhao Gou (1107-1187), the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. Xiao Zhao’s “Zhongxing Ruiying Picture” depicts the legendary deeds of Zhao Gou from his birth to his appointment as the emperor. This is a copy of Qiu Ying, and it has four sections: shooting the rabbit, Ji Meng, crossing the river, and divination. The pen is meticulous and meticulous, the color is calm and bright, and the characters have a stylized tendency to open their faces. Qiu Ying (approximately 1502-1552), a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu, one of the “Four Ming schools”.
4. Ming Wu Wei’s “Wing Jin Tu” volume. Ink and ink on paper Kongqiu (551-479), the pioneer of Confucianism. The story comes from “The Analects”, which shows Confucius’ attitude towards life that does not evade reality. The clothing patterns of the characters in the scroll are drawn with “blue leaves”, soft and strong, and the characters are simple and elegant. It is one of Wu Wei’s masterpieces of figure paintings. Wu Wei (1459-1508), a native of Jiangxia (now Wuchang, Hubei), a master of the “Zhe School” in the Ming Dynasty, was good at landscape and line drawing. 5. Ming Zhu Zhanji’s “Wu Hou Gao Lying Picture” volume Zhuge Liang (181-234) in ink and brush on paper ,
written by Kong Ming, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician and military strategist, was named “Marquis of Wuxiang” during his lifetime After death, the posthumous call him “Wuhou” In the volume, Kong Ming is lying in the bamboo forest, with a chic attitude. The clothes pattern is drawn by Ma Yuan, and the pen is simple and expressive, with literary interest. Zhu Zhanji (1399-1435), namely Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, likes literature and art, especially painting. This is a reward for the hero Ping Jiangbo Chen Xuan.
6. The axis of “The Statue of Yue Fei” by Ming Dynasty. Colored on silk, Yue Fei (1103-1142), a famous anti-jin general in the early Southern Song Dynasty, has been admired for his loyalty and service to the country. The picture shows Yue Fei wearing a four-banded scarf on his head, wearing a woven golden python robe, with a Yunlong jade belt around his waist, and sitting on the top chair with books in his hand. The portrayal of characters is less restrained and slightly freehand. Ministers wearing python robes were a phenomenon unique to the Ming Dynasty. It can be seen that this image was created by the painter based on the Ming Dynasty system.
7. Gu Kaizhi (Biography) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, “Lie Nutu ” volume, ink and color on silk The Western Han Dynasty minister Liu Xiang took the famous women from the past dynasties and compiled them into seven “Biography of Women”. The famous painter Gu Kaizhi (about 348-409) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty drew and circulated the pictures accordingly. This volume is a copy of Song Dynasty. The characters are drawn with “iron lines”, and the clothes patterns are “compounded brushwork” to express folds and dancing, which is very characteristic. Yufu artifacts retain the system of the Han Dynasty and have precious historical value. 8. Gu Kaizhi (Biography) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty “Nu Shi Zhen Tu” volume The book “Nu Shi Zhen” by Zhang Hua, the minister of the Western Jin Dynasty in ink and brush , lists the models of court women in history and expresses the worries about the harem’s political intervention at that time. Gu Kaizhi interprets it into twelve stories. This volume is a white tracing copy of the Song Dynasty, with the beginning and the end intact. The proportions of the figures and the scenery retain the characteristics of the figure paintings of the Middle Ages. The clothes patterns are drawn with “high ancient hair silk”, and the brushwork is smooth. The copy is from Li Gonglin’s school.
9. The Book of Female Filial Piety, a volume of Song Dynasty People’s “Sutra of Female Filial Piety”, with color on silk . This volume describes the contents of the first nine chapters of the “Book of Filial Piety”. After each chapter, there is a regular script recorded text. The clothes patterns of the characters are drawn with “iron lines”, which are meticulously portrayed and the colors are quaint. The figures are beautiful, graceful, and exquisite. They are the masterpieces of figure paintings in the Southern Song Dynasty.
